Which tree is both a red maple variety and commonly referred to by its common name?

The correct answer is associated with Acer rubrum, commonly known as the red maple. This tree is notable for its striking red fall color and is widespread across North America. It is well recognized for its adaptability to a variety of soil conditions and climates, making it a popular choice in landscaping and forestry.

The significance of Acer rubrum extends beyond just its aesthetic appeal; it also plays a crucial ecological role by providing habitat and food for wildlife. Additionally, its wood is valued in the timber industry, contributing to its importance in both natural and urban environments.

Other choices, while they are species of trees, do not align with the criteria. For instance, Acer platanoides, known as Norway maple, is a different species not related to the red maple. Similarly, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, commonly known as the katsura tree, and Aesculus x carnea, known as the red horse chestnut, do not belong to the Acer genus and do not bear the common name associated with red maple. Therefore, Acer rubrum stands out as the correct choice, fulfilling the criteria of being both a variety of red maple and recognized by its common name.